An important part of web design and development is to choose good technologies in the database. The choice of bad database technology can result in poor performance, possible data loss, or the purchase of more advanced web hosting when a smaller system could be used instead.
A database is an organized collection of data for simple or multiple uses. A method used for the classification of databases in the web design consists of examining the type of content to be stored, such as full text, digital, image or bibliographic. The other methods used in the database web design include the review of database models or database architectures.
The database software organizes the data in a database according to a specific database template. Today, in most web database web design processes, the relational model is used. Other less used models include the hierarchical model and network model. Both models use more explicit representation of data relationships.
There are many different database components used in current design and web development. The most commonly used relational model includes interface drivers, the SQL engine, a transaction engine, a relational engine and a storage engine.
Interface drivers are used to provide methods for preparing statements, execute statements and retrieve results. Some examples include DDL, DCL, DML, ODBC and JDBC. Some providers have exclusive language specific interfaces. For example, MySQL and Firebird provide proprietary interface drivers for PHP and Python.
The SQL engine is a component that interprets and executes the SQL query. It has three major components – the compiler, optimizer and runtime.
The transaction engine processes operation sequences that read or write database items. These are grouped together for better performance.
The relational engine uses relational objects such as table, index and repository integrity constraints as part of this component.
And finally, the storage engine stores and retrieves data records. It provides a mechanism for storing metadata and control information such as redro logs, annular logs and table locks.
Understanding the different database technologies is an important aspect of any web design project that will process any type of data. This includes the majority of websites developed and built today.
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